Phenotype of SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cells in COVID-19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome

  1. Daniela Weiskopf
  2. Katharina S. Schmitz
  3. Matthijs P. Raadsen
  4. Alba Grifoni
  5. Nisreen M.A. Okba
  6. Henrik Endeman
  7. Johannes P.C. van den Akker
  8. Richard Molenkamp
  9. Marion P.G. Koopmans
  10. Eric C.M. van Gorp
  11. Bart L. Haagmans
  12. Rik L. de Swart
  13. Alessandro Sette
  14. Rory D. de Vries
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Abstract

COVID-19 is associated with lymphopenia and ‘cytokine storm’, but no information is available on specific cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2. Here, we characterized SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T-cells in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. The spike protein (S) proved a potent T-cell antigen and specific T-cells predominantly produced Th1 cytokines. These novel data are important in vaccine design and will facilitate evaluation of vaccine candidate immunogenicity.

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