Potent neutralizing antibodies from COVID-19 patients define multiple targets of vulnerability

  1. Philip J.M. Brouwer
  2. Tom G. Caniels
  3. Karlijn van der Straten
  4. Jonne L. Snitselaar
  5. Yoann Aldon
  6. Sandhya Bangaru
  7. Jonathan L. Torres
  8. Nisreen M.A. Okba
  9. Mathieu Claireaux
  10. Gius Kerster
  11. Arthur E.H. Bentlage
  12. Marlies M. van Haaren
  13. Denise Guerra
  14. Judith A. Burger
  15. Edith E. Schermer
  16. Kirsten D. Verheul
  17. Niels van der Velde
  18. Alex van der Kooi
  19. Jelle van Schooten
  20. Mariëlle J. van Breemen
  21. Tom P. L. Bijl
  22. Kwinten Sliepen
  23. Aafke Aartse
  24. Ronald Derking
  25. Ilja Bontjer
  26. Neeltje A. Kootstra
  27. W. Joost Wiersinga
  28. Gestur Vidarsson
  29. Bart L. Haagmans
  30. Andrew B. Ward
  31. Godelieve J. de Bree
  32. Rogier W. Sanders
  33. Marit J. van Gils
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Abstract

The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 has a significant impact on global health, travel and economy. Therefore, preventative and therapeutic measures are urgently needed. Here, we isolated neutralizing antibodies from convalescent COVID-19 patients using a SARS-CoV-2 stabilized prefusion spike protein. Several of these antibodies were able to potently inhibit live SARS-CoV-2 infection at concentrations as low as 0.007 µg/mL, making them the most potent human SARS-CoV-2 antibodies described to date. Mapping studies revealed that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein contained multiple distinct antigenic sites, including several receptor-binding domain (RBD) epitopes as well as previously undefined non-RBD epitopes. In addition to providing guidance for vaccine design, these mAbs are promising candidates for treatment and prevention of COVID-19.

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