Fatal COVID-19 outcomes are associated with an antibody response targeting epitopes shared with endemic coronaviruses

  1. Anna L McNaughton
  2. Robert S Paton
  3. Matthew Edmans
  4. Jonathan Youngs
  5. Judith Wellens
  6. Prabhjeet Phalora
  7. Alex Fyfe
  8. Sandra Belij-Rammerstorfer
  9. Jai S Bolton
  10. Jonathan Ball
  11. George Carnell
  12. Wanwisa Dejnirattisai
  13. Christina Dold
  14. David W Eyre
  15. Philip Hopkins
  16. Alison Howarth
  17. Kreepa Kooblall
  18. Hannah Klim
  19. Susannah Leaver
  20. Lian Lee
  21. César López-Camacho
  22. Sheila F Lumley
  23. Derek Macallan
  24. Alexander J Mentzer
  25. Nicholas Provine
  26. Jeremy Ratcliff
  27. Jose Slon-Compos
  28. Donal Skelly
  29. Lucas Stolle
  30. Piyada Supasa
  31. Nigel Temperton
  32. Chris Walker
  33. Beibei Wang
  34. Duncan Wyncoll
  35. OPTIC consortium
  36. SNBTS consortium
  37. Peter Simmonds
  38. Teresa Lambe
  39. Kenneth Baillie
  40. Malcolm G Semple
  41. Peter IM Openshaw
  42. ISARIC4C Investigators
  43. Uri Obolski
  44. Marc Turner
  45. Miles Carroll
  46. Juthathip Mongkolsapaya
  47. Gavin Screaton
  48. Stephen H Kennedy
  49. Lisa Jarvis
  50. Eleanor Barnes
  51. Susanna Dunachie
  52. José Lourenço
  53. Philippa C Matthews
  54. Tihana Bicanic
  55. Paul Klenerman
  56. Sunetra Gupta
  57. Craig P Thompson
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Abstract

It is unclear whether prior endemic coronavirus infections affect COVID-19 severity. Here, we show that in cases of fatal COVID-19, antibody responses to the SARS-COV-2 spike are directed against epitopes shared with endemic beta-coronaviruses in the S2 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. This immune response is associated with the compromised production of a de novo SARS-CoV-2 spike response among individuals with fatal COVID-19 outcomes.

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