Assessment of Agaricus bisporus Mushroom as Protective Agent Against Ultraviolet Exposure

Mushrooms are versatile materials with applications including but not limited to food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. In this work, the potential of the common button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus, as a protective agent against ultraviolet exposure was assessed. The assessment was done by investigating the radical scavenging activity, sun protecting capability, and tyrosinase inhibiting properties of Agaricus bisporus ethanolic extract. The extraction was carried out using absolute ethanol as its solvent at low to room temperatures. The bioactive components of the ethanolic extract were analysed for its phenolic and flavonoid contents quantitatively, while other phytochemical agents were analysed qualitatively. The Agaricus bisporus ethanolic extract was found exhibit varying degree of activity in all of the assessment. We found low radical scavenging ability with %RSA IC50 of ∼5456 μg/mL, low to moderate sun protecting factor of ∼5.355 at 5000 ppm concentration, and high tyrosinase inhibition property with IC50 of ∼2 μg/mL. The high tyrosinase inhibition property was found to correlate with relatively high total phenolic content of ∼1143 mg GAE/100g for Agaricus bisporus and the presence of terpenoid in the ethanolic extract.