Differential neutralization and inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 variants by antibodies elicited by COVID-19 mRNA vaccines

  1. Li Wang
  2. Markus H. Kainulainen
  3. Nannan Jiang
  4. Han Di
  5. Gaston Bonenfant
  6. Lisa Mills
  7. Michael Currier
  8. Punya Shrivastava-Ranjan
  9. Brenda M. Calderon
  10. Mili Sheth
  11. Brian R. Mann
  12. Jaber Hossain
  13. Xudong Lin
  14. Sandra Lester
  15. Elizabeth Pusch
  16. Joyce Jones
  17. Dan Cui
  18. Payel Chatterjee
  19. Harley M. Jenks
  20. Esther Morantz
  21. Gloria Larson
  22. Masato Hatta
  23. Jennifer Harcourt
  24. Azaibi Tamin
  25. Yan Li
  26. Ying Tao
  27. Kun Zhao
  28. Kristine Lacek
  29. Ashely Burroughs
  30. Terianne Wong
  31. Suxiang Tong
  32. John R. Barnes
  33. Mark W. Tenforde
  34. Wesley H. Self
  35. Nathan I. Shapiro
  36. Matthew C. Exline
  37. D. Clark Files
  38. Kevin W. Gibbs
  39. David N. Hager
  40. Manish Patel
  41. Alison S. Laufer Halpin
  42. Laura K. McMullan
  43. Justin S. Lee
  44. Xuping Xie
  45. Pei-Yong Shi
  46. C. Todd Davis
  47. Christina F. Spiropoulou
  48. Natalie J. Thornburg
  49. M. Steven Oberste
  50. Vivien Dugan
  51. SSEV Bioinformatics Working Group
  52. David E. Wentworth
  53. Bin Zhou
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Abstract

The evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in the emergence of many new variant lineages that have exacerbated the COVID-19 pandemic. Some of those variants were designated as variants of concern/interest (VOC/VOI) by national or international authorities based on many factors including their potential impact on vaccines. To ascertain and rank the risk of VOCs and VOIs, we analyzed their ability to escape from vaccine-induced antibodies. The variants showed differential reductions in neutralization and replication titers by post-vaccination sera. Although the Omicron variant showed the most escape from neutralization, sera collected after a third dose of vaccine (booster sera) retained moderate neutralizing activity against that variant. Therefore, vaccination remains the most effective strategy to combat the COVID-19 pandemic.

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