Comparative study of immunogenicity and safety of Gam-COVID-Vac and Sinopharm BBIBP-CorV vaccines in Belarus
Abstract
Introduction
Lack of comparative studies on efficiency of a broad range of COVID19 vaccines leads to lower levels of adoption and subsequent lower total immunity in several regions, including Republic of Belarus. This clinical study captures and transparently demonstrates varying immunogenic responses to Sputnik V and Sinopharm vaccines.
Aim of this study was
to compare the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vac), RF and Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV), PRC vaccines in vaccinated individuals.
Materials and Methods
A total of 60 adults participated the study. The immune response after vaccination was assessed using enzyme immunoassay. IgG levels measured in all participants at three time points: before the vaccination, 42 days after the first vaccine dose, and 6 months after the first vaccine dose. The results of the SARS-CoV-2 antibody test is quantified according to the WHO First International Standard (NIBSC code:20/136) and expressed in international units (BAU/ml).
Results
The study participants were divided into two groups, where 30 people (50%) were vaccinated with Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vac), and 30 people were vaccinated with Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV), with no gender differences in the groups. The IgG levels at 42 days after the first vaccine dose were: Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vac) (42 days) : Me=650.4 (642.2-669.4); Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV) (42 days) : Me=376.5 (290.9-526.4); p<0,001). The IgG levels at 6 months after the first vaccine dose were: Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vac) (6 months) Me=608.7 (574.6-647.1); Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV) (6 months) : Me=106.3 (78.21-332.4); p<0,001). Reactions after vaccination appeared in 27 vaccinated individuals (45%).
Conclusion
The study showed that Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vac) vaccine was more immunogenic than Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV) vaccine. IgG levels in vaccinated individuals who previously recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection (“hybrid immunity”) were higher than in SARS-CoV-2 naïve individuals. Reactions after vaccines administration were mild to moderate.
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