Outdoor long-range transmission of COVID-19 and patient zero

Following the outdoor model of risk assessment developed in one of our previous studies, we demonstrate in the present work that long-range transport of infectious aerosols could initiate patient “zero” creation at distances downwind beyond one hundred kilometers. The very low probability of this outdoor transmission can be compensated by high numbers and densities of infected and susceptible people such as it occurs in large cities, respectively in the source and the target.