ATG6 interacting with NPR1 increasesArabidopsis thalianaresistance toPstDC3000/avrRps4by increasing its nuclear accumulation and stability

Autophagy-related gene 6 (ATG6) plays a crucial role in plant immunity. Nonexpressor of pathogenesis-related genes1 (NPR1) acts as a signaling hub of plant immunity. However, the relationship between ATG6 and NPR1 is unclear. Here, we find that ATG6 directly interacts with NPR1.ATG6overexpression significantly increased nuclear accumulation of NPR1. Furthermore, we demonstrate thatATG6increases NPR1 protein levels and improves its stability. Interestingly, ATG6 promotes the formation of SINCs (SA-induced NPR1 condensates)-like condensates. Additionally, ATG6 and NPR1 synergistically promote the expression ofpathogenesis-relatedgenes. Further results showed that silencingATG6inNPR1-GFPexacerbatesPstDC3000/avrRps4invasion, while double overexpression ofATG6andNPR1synergistically inhibitsPstDC3000/avrRps4invasion. In summary, our findings unveil an interplay of NPR1 with ATG6 and elucidate important molecular mechanisms for enhancing plant immunity.