Human adherent cortical organoids in a multiwell format

In the growing diversity of human iPSC-derived models of brain development, we present here a novel method that exhibits 3D cortical layer formation in a highly reproducible topography of minimal dimensions. The resulting adherent cortical organoids develop by self-organization after seeding frontal cortex patterned iPSC-derived neural progenitor cells in 384-well plates during eight weeks of differentiation. The organoids have stereotypical dimensions of 3 × 3 × 0.2 mm, contain multiple neuronal subtypes, astrocytes and oligodendrocyte lineage cells, and are amenable to extended culture for at least 10 months. Longitudinal imaging revealed morphologically mature dendritic spines, axonal myelination, and robust neuronal activity. Moreover, adherent cortical organoids compare favorably to existing brain organoid models on the basis of robust reproducibility in obtaining topographically-standardized singular radial cortical structures and circumvent the internal necrosis that is common in free-floating cortical organoids. The adherent human cortical organoid platform holds considerable potential for high-throughput drug discovery applications, neurotoxicological screening, and mechanistic pathophysiological studies of brain disorders.