FACED 2.0 enables large-scale voltage and calcium imagingin vivo

Monitoring neuronal activity at large scale and high spatiotemporal resolution is crucial for understanding information processing within the brain. We optimized a kilohertz-frame-rate two-photon fluorescence microscope with all-optical megahertz line-scan rate to achieve ultrafast imaging across large areas and volumes at subcellular resolution. Applying this technique to voltage and calcium imagingin vivo, we demonstrated simultaneous recording of voltage activity over 200 neurons and calcium activity over 14,000 neurons.