Placental Igf1 Overexpression Sex-Specifically Impacts Mouse Placenta Structure, Altering Offspring Striatal Development and Behavior

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) is produced primarily in the placentain uteroand is an essential hormone for neurodevelopment. Specifically, how placental IGF1 production persistently influences the brain is unclear. This study evaluated the effects of placentalIgf1overexpression on embryonic and postnatal brain development, particularly for striatum, a region highly linked to neurodevelopmental disorders. PlacentalIgf1was overexpressed via placental-targeted CRISPR manipulation. This overexpression altered placenta structure and function distinctly in females and males. Early differences in placental function altered the trajectory of striatal development, as adult females showed persistent changes in striatal cell composition and striatal dependent behavior while males were less affected in brain and behavior outcomes. Overall, these results demonstrate that placentalIgf1expression alters striatal development and behavior in ways relevant to neurodevelopmental disorders. These findings expand our understanding of placental influence on neurodevelopment and will aid in identifying placental-targeted preventive interventions.