Microbes Within: A Review on the Effect of Internal Microbiome in Honeybee

The internal microbiome of honey bees significantly affects vital traits and the physiological processes, including digestion, detoxification, nutrient provision, development, immunity and also reproduction .Several studies have been carried out in this field including the understanding of gut microbiome in western honeybees (Apis mellifera) and few studies on the relation of Wolbachia with honeybees. However, there is limited information on the effects of Wolbachia on honeybees but several hypotheses have been formulated regarding various traits in honeybees. This review addresses the critical knowledge gap and highlights the intricate relationship between honey bees and their internal microbiota, discussing the recent findings in research and synthesizes these with knowledge of the physiology and behaviour of other model organisms to hypothesize how host–microbe interactions at the individual level could shape societal dynamics, behaviour and evolution.