Reflexology as a Complementary Therapy: A Critical Review Toward a Definition Based on Its Neurophysiological Action

Reflexology is a complementary therapy based on the stimulation of reflex zones located in the feet and hands. Its objective is to induce physiological responses remotely in the body, and its action is based on reflex mechanisms that operate through polysynaptic networks. This intervention promotes relaxation and physical and emotional self-regulation processes within an integrative clinical care approach.The diversity of interpretations and application methodologies of reflexology has led to ambiguous classifications, generating distrust in its incorporation into the healthcare field.The lack of substantiated theories about its actions, the lack of methodological consensus, the scarcity of physiologically supported research, and the absence of standardized protocols have led to disparate definitions that range from scientific approaches to empirical practices.This article aims to establish a definition based on the relationship between reflex zones and physical structures, the functioning of the nervous system, and the physiological responses elicited by reflexology. Furthermore, it seeks to establish clear criteria that distinguish the methods that consolidate reflexology as a complementary therapy to generate well-being and support processes in health and illness.