Analysis on the “History-Space” Inter-Construction Mechanism of Traditional Villages Based on Multi-historical Elements: A Case Study of Nankou Town, Northwest Beijing

Traditional villages are regarded as vast cultural treasure troves, rich in diverse historical elements and unique spatial forms. Within this context, historical factors exert varying degrees of influence on spatial configurations, with each type of space preserving different layers of village memory. Taking Nankou Village in Beijing as a case study, this paper selects three distinct periods as entry points to explore how historical elements affect the spatial morphology of villages through Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression analysis and standard deviation ellipse methods. With the “realm of memory” theory as a framework, the research investigates the role of village spaces in memory and history. It examines the intricate inter-constructions between “historical elements” and “spatial forms” from both quantitative and qualitative perspectives, innovatively proposing a “history-space” inter-construction mechanism. The findings indicate that individual historical elements significantly impact the spatial heterogeneity of village morphologies, whereas the coupling of multiple historical elements exhibits notable phasic and directional characteristics in reshaping spatial structures. These spaces not only reflect the spirit of the nation and its people but also encapsulate personal experiences and memories. History and space continually shape, transform, and sustain each other, forming a unique inter-construction mechanism. This study advocates for the combined research and preservation of intangible cultural elements and physical spaces, providing crucial insights into understanding spatial evolution patterns of traditional villages and their influencing factors.