Link between Adenomyosis and Endometrial Cancer

Purpose Adenomyosis is a noncancerous condition where endometrial tissue is found within the myometrium. Prior uterine surgery, parity, and estrogen exposure are known risk factors. Evidence suggests a connection between adenomyosis and endometrial cancer. This study aimed to examine the association of adenomyosis with endometrial cancer to assess adenomyosis' role as a risk factor for endometrial cancer. Methods This study included 189 patients (aged 18–80) diagnosed with endometrial cancer and who underwent surgery at Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital between May 2020 and August 2022. Results Out of the total, 131 cases (69.3%) were diagnosed with adenomyosis, while 58 cases (30.7%) were not. There was no link found between adenomyosis and age (p = 0.17), menopausal status (p = 0.58), parity (p = 0.18), or type of delivery (p = 0.66) and CA-125 level (p = 0.9). BMI showed statistical significance in endometrial cancer patients who also had adenomyosis (p = 0.01) Conclusion Endometrial cancer co-occurrence with adenomyosis was linked solely to BMI, not other factors. Findings suggest adenomyosis is not a risk factor for, nor protective against, endometrial cancer.