Study on the Preparation of Multifunctional Bacterial Cellulose-Based Wound Dressings and Their In Vitro Hemostatic Performance

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a favored material for medical wound dressings due to its biocompatibility and water-holding capacity, yet it lacks inherent antibacterial and hemostatic capabilities. To enhance its functionality, a novel BC-based wound dressing (HBP) was engineered by integrating chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (HACC) and hydroxyapatite (HAP) into BC's 3D structure via soaking, stirring, and freeze-drying techniques. This composite dressing demonstrates significant antibacterial activity, evidenced by distinct inhibition zones in antimicrobial assays, and rapid hemostatic performance, with an in vitro clotting time of 300 ± 5 seconds. Characterized using SEM, XRD, FT-IR, and XPS, HBP exhibits superior physicochemical characteristics and biocompatibility, positioning it as a highly viable option for advanced biomedical wound dressings.