Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Trianthema Portulacastrum in Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Diabetes Management

BACKGROUND: Trianthema portulacastrum, a member of the Aizoaceae family, is a multipurpose medicinal plant that has long been used to treat a range of symptoms, including fever, jaundice, respiratory diseases, skin concerns, liver problems, and urinary tract infections. Hepatoprotective, diuretic, antibacterial, antifungal, antipyretic, and wound-healing qualities are also well-known. There is little scientific evidence to support its biochemical effectiveness in reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and hyperglycemia, despite its extensive ethnomedical history. The purpose of this study was to assess T. portulacastrum’s antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic properties using well-established in vitro tests such as heat-induced hemolysis inhibition, α-amylase inhibition, and DPPH radical scavenging. RESULTS: Fresh leaves ofT. portulacastrumdemonstrated strong DPPH radical scavenging activity, with increasing concentrations showing inhibition levels of 12.13%, 30.85%, 43.59%, 45.95%, and 58.39%, and a total antioxidant capacity of 58.39 μg/mL. In anti-inflammatory testing, the plant exhibited 83.40 μg/mL scavenging activity in heat-induced hemolysis assay—substantially higher than the standard diclofenac (27.92 μg/mL). The α-amylase inhibitory activity also showed promising results across concentrations, ranging from 9.95% to 38.45%, compared to acarbose, which showed 13.81% to 64.72% inhibition. Notably, T. portulacastrum achieved a total inhibition value of 113.97 μg/mL, markedly surpassing acarbose’s 12.53 μg/mL. These findings suggest that the plant exhibits significant therapeutic bioactivity relevant to the management of metabolic and inflammatory disorders. CONCLUSION: The findings say that Trianthema portulacastrum's bioactive substances can reduce inflammation, oxidative stress, and hyperglycemia. Its significant antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory qualities highlight its potential as a viable choice for the creation of plant-based medications. This study confirms the plant's traditional use while also emphasising T. portulacastrum's increasing importance in contemporary phytomedicine and functional food formulations intended to promote overall health and wellness.