Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance Analysis of Clinically Isolated Bacteria at a National Regional Cardiovascular Medical Center, 2018–2024

Objective This study aims to analyze the distribution and drug resistance patterns of clinically isolated bacteria at the National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases (Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital) from 2018 to 2024, thereby guiding the precise selection of effective antimicrobial agents in clinical practice and providing data support for the development of individualized anti-infective treatment strategies. Methods Clinical isolates from outpatients and inpatients were collected at the Fuwai Central China Cardiovascular Hospital, excluding duplicate strains. Statistical analysis was conducted using descriptive epidemiological methods with SPSS 22.0, Prism 10.0, and WHONET 5.6 software. Results Over seven years, 9,180 clinical isolates were identified, with a positive detection rate of 7.78–8.41%. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 67% (6,151 strains), while Gram-positive bacteria comprised 23% (2,139 strains). The top three isolated pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Resistance analysis revealed high overall resistance rates among common pathogens. Carbapenem resistance rates during this period were as follows: K. pneumoniae (51.1–63.2%), A. baumannii (76.5–94.7%), P. aeruginosa (13.3–25.3%), and Escherichia coli (2.0–10.7%). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) detection rates ranged from 35.3–60%, while methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci (MRCNS) detection rates were 80.4–91.2%. Conclusion Investigating the distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns of long-term clinical bacterial isolates in regional cardiovascular medical centers provides critical insights for establishing rational antibiotic use protocols, optimizing infection control measures, and advancing research on resistance mechanisms to facilitate precision medicine.