Standardization of in vitro regeneration protocol for GI tagged aromatic rice landrace “Chinnor”

Chinnor, a traditional aromatic GI tag rice landrace, indigenous to Madhya Pradesh, is renowned for its superior grain quality and fragrance. However,its cultivation is limited to due to tall suture of the plant, occurrence of more insect and pest and less yield compared to commercial hybrids. Therefore, present study was undertaken to establish a reliable and efficient in-vitro plant regeneration protocol for chinnor land race for further improvement through gene editing and molecular breeding. To develop the in-vitro protocol, dehusked seeds were used as explant and inoculated in the basel MS medium. Callus induction was successfully achieved on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/l 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/L NAA, resulted a maximum callus induction rate of 90% after 28 days of culture. Subsequent shoot and root regeneration were optimized using a combination of auxins and cytokinins, with the highest regeneration rate (88%) observed on medium containing 2.0 mg/l Kinetin, 2.0 mg/l BAP, and 0.5 mg/l NAA. A stepwise hardening protocol was standardize to acclimatize the regenerated plantlets, with the cocopeat and farmyard manure (FYM)mixture (1:1) resulted the maximum survival rate of 86.67% under greenhouse conditions.This optimized protocol provides a robust platform for future biotechnological interventions through modification the traits of this GI tagged landrace. The findings significantly advance tissue culture methodologies for traditional rice genotypes and promote sustainable agricultural practices through the preservation of indigenous genetic resources.