Synthesis, Antibacterial and Computational Studies of New Functionalized Sulphonamide Derivatives via Tandem Amidation Catalysis

The development of Sulphonamides is a fascinating and informative area in medicinal chemistry, its functional group has a long and rich history in organic chemistry and drug discovery. The objective of this work is to synthesize and characterize 4-methylbenzenesulphonamides derivatives using 4-methylbenzenesulphonyl chlorides and amino acids (leucine, histidine, phenylalanine, and cysteine) as precursors, then, biological studies were carried out. The FTIR spectroscopic results confirm characteristic functional group, p-disubstituted benzene, -SO₂-NH₂, R₃N, C=O, R₂NH, Amide C=O, the ^IH-NMR spectrum, the peaks confirm 2^o amine, p- disubstituted benzene), m- disubstituted benzene), CH₃-n and CH₃-CO and the ¹³CNMR, (acetyl C=O), (C-S=O), amide C=O, (C-H), acetyl CH₃, -CH₃, aromatic carbons); the results of the in silico antibacterial studies disclosed that the range of the affinity of binding is between -6.3 to -8.7 kcal/mol, with the ligands interacting more positively than other investigated microbes with the staphylococcus variant's 6xg5 receptor, while the results of the in vitro antibacterials studies showed that at 200 mg/mL, the test organisms exhibit a zone of clearance or inhibition that varies in size from 0 to 28 mm. The spectroscopic results support the proposed structures of the compounds, the synthesized compounds have significant antibacterial potency in the respective bacteria cells, as demonstrated by the in silico antibacterial studies; these findings suggest that the synthesized compounds could be used as future antibacterial agents. According to the in vitro antimicrobial investigation, the majority of the produced compounds had antibacterial properties.