Secure Decentralized Healthcare Data Management with Threshold Access Control

In the era of digital health records, ensuring secure and controlled access to sensitive medical information is paramount. Our proposed system leverages a distributed key generation and threshold public key encryption protocol within a decentralized network of nodes. These nodes generate a public key, allowing users to encrypt their data and specify access conditions. Authorized users meeting these conditions can request data, and the network verifies requests and distributes decryption fragments. We apply this protocol to encrypt health documents, stored securely in the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS). Access is managed using NFTs, with patients defining conditions and distributing NFTs to trusted individuals/ relatives. In emergencies, when the patient is unconscious, relatives transfer NFTs to doctors, who are then verified by the network. Verified doctors receive decryption fragments to access the health data. This system improves security and accessibility of medical data, ensuring only authorized access, even in the patient’s absence. Integrating a decentralized encryption protocol with NFT-based access control offers a robust solution for secure, decentralized health record management, improving patient privacy and emergency access.