Determinants of Quality of Life Among Elderly People in Egypt: A Quantitative Approach

Population aging in Egypt is accelerating, raising critical questions about how health, psychosocial, environmental, and spiritual factors influence elderly quality of life (QoL). This study investigated determinants of multidimensional QoL among older adults in Minya Governorate, focusing on health burden, psychological well-being, social relationships, environmental conditions, and religious importance. A cross-sectional survey of 501 participants (54.3% men, 45.7% women; 18.9% urban, 81.1% rural) employed the validated 35-item Older People’s Quality of Life Questionnaire-Brief (OPQOL-Brief). Statistical analyses included chi-square tests, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and multiple regression (α = 0.05). Significant associations were found between gender and religious importance, health status and psychological well-being, and environmental satisfaction and psychological problems. Findings validate the “health paradox” in a rural Egyptian context and underscore environmental quality as a key determinant of psychological well-being, emphasizing the need for gender-sensitive, ecologically grounded interventions aligned with Egypt’s National Strategy on Ageing 2020–2025.