National Trends and Disparities in Cardiomyopathy-Related Mortality Among Individuals with Diabetes Mellitus in the United States: A Retrospective Observational Study from 1999 to 2019

Background The global prevalence of DM and Cardiomyopathy is increasing. This study offers a longitudinal analysis of mortality patterns due to these two diseases, along with regional and demographic insights that highlight disparities in mortality rates in the US from 1999 to 2019. Methods The CDC WONDER mortality database was used to determine crude death rates (CR) and age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs) per 1000,000 individuals, 25 years and above. Joinpoint Regression was used to examine annual percent change (APC), average APC (AAPC), and parallelism. Stata analysis was done to assess the significance of the association between mortality trends and different variables. Results From 1999 to 2019, there were 141,167 deaths with an AAPC of -3.26. Males (43.11) had higher AAMR than females (22.31). The Blacks had the highest AAMR (56.37) while non-Hispanic Asians experienced the lowest (22.62). AAMRs varied by region (Midwest: 33.56, South: 32.00, West: 31.61, Northeast: 27.14). States with the highest AAMR were Hawaii and Ohio; Colorado had the lowest AAMR. Non-metropolitan areas showed a higher AAMR (32.37) than metropolitan areas (31.11). Crude mortality rate was highest for the 85 + age group. Conclusions Mortality due to cardiomyopathy in people with DM decreased in the US. Males, Blacks, the Midwestern region, and non-urban areas had higher mortality, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to mitigate the mortality burden.